All living organisms encode the amino acid sequences of proteins as nucleotide sequences (genetic information) in their genomic DNA. The genetic information is transcribed and subsequently translated ...

In the fast-evolving field of medical science, a new artificial intelligence model may be about to change the way mRNA-based drugs and vaccines are designed. Developed through a collaboration between ...

The various identities of cells, whether they are in the brain, heart, kidney, or any other tissue, are defined by the genes they expressed. In basic terms, the genes that are active in a cell are ...

Collaborative research by the University of Tokyo and RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research has led to the development of a new method for simultaneously synthesizing all transfer RNA (tRNA) ...

Raghu R. Chivukula, MD, PhD, a physician-investigator in the Departments of Medicine & Surgery and the Center for Genomic Medicine at Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, is the ...

A tRNA that recognizes the codon for tryptophan and delivers this amino acid to the ribosome. (Note 5) 2′-O-methylcytidine (Cm): A modified nucleoside in which the 2′-OH group of the ribose in ...