At CERN’s Large Hadron Collider on the edge of Geneva, scientists have reported a surprising twist in the behavior of matter.

The particles that are in an atom: protons, neutrons and electrons The particles that are in protons and neutrons: quarks The four fundamental forces: gravity, electromagnetism, the strong force and ...

Quarks are elementary fermions that constitute a fundamental physical system underlying hadronic matter in the Standard Model of particle physics. They carry color charge and interact via the strong ...

Trillions of times smaller than a grain of sand and smaller than an atomic proton or neutron, quarks are among the smallest particles in the universe. They are essentially building blocks for ...