Transcription and translation are processes a cell uses to make all proteins the body needs to function from information stored in the sequence of bases in DNA. The four bases (C, A, T/U, and G in the ...

If protein levels were to be viewed as so many peaks in a proteomic landscape, any fog could obscure the lesser hills and skew one’s ideas of how the landscape evolved. Such a fog has in fact obscured ...

Researchers synthesize recombinant proteins in cell-free extracts to verify the identity of cloned genes, to study protein-protein, protein-nucleic acid, and protein-drug interactions, and to carry ...

Proteins sourced from microorganisms are attracting attention for their potential in biomanufacturing a variety of products, ...

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol. 113, No. 27 (July 5, 2016), pp. 7545-7550 (6 pages) Regulation of protein synthesis plays a vital role in ...

The nucleolus serves as the central hub for ribosomal DNA (rDNA) transcription and ribosome biogenesis, processes essential for protein synthesis and cellular proliferation. rDNA transcription is ...

Orthogonal, parallel and independent systems are one key foundation for synthetic biology. The synthesis of orthogonal systems that are uncoupled from evolutionary constraints, and selectively ...