Altered trace-metal homeostasis is linked to CKD development and progression, with distinct metallomic signatures correlating with disease stages. Elevated levels of metals like lithium, aluminum, and ...

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a severe renal disorder affecting approximately 10%–15% of hospitalized patients and up to 50% in intensive care units (ICUs). Its pathogenesis involves complex ...

Although tests to directly measure vitamin K levels are available, use of indirect measures may be a more reliable way to assess vitamin K status. Vitamin K gets significant attention with regard to ...

The arterial vasculature is the second most frequently calcified structure in the human body after the skeleton. Calcification of the aorta and aortic valves occurs in most individuals in westernized ...

CKD is a significant nontraditional risk factor for CVD, affecting 10% of the global population and increasing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Cardiovascular risk in CKD patients begins early ...