The membrane study is very important for gas separation 1,2, hemodialysis 3, wood drying process 4 inorganic purification, absorption 5,6, freshwater production 7, artificial kidneys 8, fuel cells 9 ...

The fluid permeability of sea ice governs a broad range of physical and biological processes in the polar marine environment, such as melt pond evolution, snow-ice formation, and nutrient ...

Water makes up around 60% of the human body. More than half of this water is inside the cells that make up organs and tissues, and much of the remaining water flows in the spaces between cells. MIT ...