Blacksmiths and metallurgists in the West have been puzzled for centuries as to how the unique patterns on the famous Damascus steel blades were formed. Different mechanisms for the formation of the ...

This is an example of a Damascus sword with a typical Damascus pattern of Muhammad ladder and rose. Microstructural examination of the blade indicates that rows of cementite particles (in black) form ...

This project starts with a massive bearing that looks nothing like sword material, but the forge transforms it completely. After intense hammering, folding, and shaping, the steel develops a stunning ...

Metallurgists have puzzled for several centuries as to how the unique patterns on the ancient Damascus blades were formed. Using a modern metallurgical computational software package, the relevant ...